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  2) She suddenly heard someone knocking (knock) at the door.
  3) He sat at his desk and watched others doing (do) the work for him.
  4) When I entered the room, I found him reading (read) something aloud.
  5) He was glad to see his son well taken (take) care of in the day-care center.
  6) He was surprised to find his room thoroughly cleaned (clean) and everything arranged (arrange) in good order.
  在see, hear, feel, watch, notice等动词后用现在分词强调动作正在进行和发展之中，而不定式表示动作的全过程已经结束。
  1）  She saw the man getting on the truck.
  2）  She saw the man get on the truck and drive off.
  3）  Do you hear someone knocking at the door?
  4）  I heard someone knock three times.
   
  4. 现在分词的时态和语态
  4.1完成式
  现在分词的完成式主要用在状语中，表示这个动作在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生。
  1）  having done (do) his homework, the boy began to watch TV.
  2）  Having watered (water) the vegetables, the farmer took a short rest.
  3）  Not having done (not, do) it right, he tried again.
  I have not done it right.
  In order not to be misunderstood.
   
  4.2 被动式
  现在分词的不定式表示被动的动作正在发生或与谓语动词的动作同时发生。
  1）  The bridge being built (build ) there will be one of the longest in China.
  2）  He found the topic being discussed (discuss) everywhere.
  3）  Surrounded (surround), the enemy were forced to put down their guns.
   
  4.3 完成被动式
  现在分词的完成被动式表示被动的动作在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生。
  1）  having been given (give) such a good chance, how could she give it up?
  2）  Having been told (tell) that some guests were coming, she shopped all morning in the super market.
  强化练习
  1）  He set a shining example to all the people working (work) there.
  2）  I have to read letters written (write) in pencil.
  3）  Hearing (hear) the noise, they immediately left the house.
  4）  The building being repaired (repair) is our library.
  5）  It is said that boats are older than anything built (build) for land transportation.
  6）  Today, most diamonds used (use) in industry come from Russia.
  7）  What do you think of the performances given (give) by the girls of our class?
  8）  There are a number of students waiting (wait) to be examined.
  9）  Her husband died in 1992, leaving (leave) her with two children.
  10) Having sent (send) her little sister to school, she began to do some shopping.
  11) Where are we to get the information needed (need)?
  12) She watched the ship being unloaded (unload).
   
  练习：
  1）Did you notice him       (leave) the house?
  2) It is important       (make) a plan for our future.
  3) His plan is       (spend) a few days in the mountains.
  4) She can’t decide what       (do)?
  5) I must leave the company. There’s nothing for me       (do).
  6) He asked you       (call) him back at 11.
  7) She seems       (read) the book before.
  8) It is an honor for me       (ask) to speak here.
  9) I am sorry to have kept (keep) you waiting.
  10) He wanted the letter to be mailed (mail) at once.
   
  备考要点：
  1）判断不定式与其逻辑主语之间的关系是主动还是被动；
  Taxes consist of the money which people pay        (to support) their government.
  He wanted the letter       (to be mail) at once.
   
  2)判断不定式所描述的动作是否已经完成；
  I am sorry       (keep) you waiting for so long.
   
  3) for +名词（或代词）+不定式表示不定式的逻辑主语与句子的主语不一致；
  It may take time for new facts       (become) available in scientific studies.
  4) make 作“使，让”的意思时，后面接动词不定式要省略“to”
  The primitive people thought that eating deer would make them       (run) as fast as the deer.
  5)熟记一些固定用法。
  Do you know why people are unwilling       (discuss) insurance? Be unwilling to do sth.
  Modern technology has enabled doctors       (develop) new surgical techniques and procedures.
   
  练习：
  1）Children enjoy       (reading) picture-story books.
  2) I apologize for not       (keeping) my promise.
  3) He did all this without       (asking) by anyone.
  4) Do you mind my       (making) a suggestion?
  5) I am pleased with John’s       (pay) his income tax in time.
   
  特别提示：
  1）介词后面要加名词性的成分。如：
  the most common use of telecommunication satellites has been for       (transmit) telephone calls.
  2) 注意spend的用法。
  Spend (in)+doing
  Spend on+n.
  Some people spend their weekends       (go) from sale to sale.
  Almost everyone spends a considerable amount of present moments       (worry) about the future.
   
  I couldn’t help crying when I saw the film.
  I have difficulties (in) look after myself.
   
  非谓语动词总练习
  1）Do you have anything       (say) about this?
  2) They went along the main road       (lead) to the city.
  3) I regret       (say) that I can’t go with you today.
  4) I don’t feel like       (eat) anything now.
  5) She advised me       (learn) from the       (experience)